Development of Computer (कंप्यूटर का विकास)
Abacus: -
The history of computer is about 3000 years old. When a calculation machine Abacus was
invented in China, it was a mechanical device that still works to calculate the digits in many
countries of Asia including China, Japan. Abacus is a frame of stars, these bears lay the bead
(cooked clay balls) in the beginning. Initially, Abacus used to do business in calculating the
mercantile calculation, to add, subtract, multiply and divide the machine numbers. Comes.
Blaise Pascal:-
Centuries later, many other mechanical machines were developed for calculating marks. In the
17th Century, French mathematician Blake Pascal developed a mechanical digital calculator in
1645. This machine was called Adding Machine because it could only add or subtract. This machine
worked on the principle of clock and odometer.There were many toothed wheels in which it used to
rotate, on the teeth of chakras, numbers from 0 to 9 were printed. Each chakri had a local value
such as units, tens, hundreds etc. The second rotation was followed by this Adding Machine of
Blaise Pascal, also called Pascaline.
Jacquard’s Loom:-
In 1801, the French Weaver Joseph Jacquard abducted a loom of clothing weaving which used to
design or design Pattern from the cardboard's punched punchcardo. The characteristic of this loom
was that it used to control the pattern of the cardboard with a punching hole in the cardboard, the
thread was directed by the presence or absence of the pictures on the punchcard.
Charles Babbage:-
In the history of the computer, the 19th century is considered to be the golden era of early times.
British mathematician Charles Babbage felt the need to develop a mechanical calculation machine
when there was an error in the tables created for the calculation, since this Tables was hand-set,
hence the error was encountered.
Charles Babbage built a machine in 1822, which was borne by the British government. The name
of the machine was named Difference Engine, this machine was equipped with gear and sofa. It
was moving steam. In 1833, Charles Babbage invented Analytical Engine, a developed engine of
different engine, which was a very powerful machine. Beavez has contributed a lot to the
development of the computer. Bevel's Analytical Engine formed the basis of modern computers,
and this is why Charles Beavez is called the father of computer science.
Dr. Howard Aiken’s Mark-I:-
Electrometrical Computing reached the summit in the year 1940. Four top engineers of IBM and Dr.
Howard Aiken developed a machine in 1944. It was the world's first "mechanical computer" and its
official name- Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator It was sent to Harvard University in
February 1944, which was received on 7 August 1944 in the university. It was named Mark-i at the
same university. It could 1x into 6 seconds and 1 divided into 12 seconds.
A.B.C. (Atanasoff – Berry Computer) :-
In 1945, Atanasoff and Clifford Berry developed an electronic machine named after ABC. The word
ABC is a short form of Atanasoff Berry Computer. ABC was the first electronic digital computer.
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